Children’s Literature II: Young Adult Literature Essay

47, written by Walter Mosley, is the story of a 14 year old slave who lives on a cotton plantation in Georgia. 47 has lived in the house and barn all his life, thus giving him a clouded vision of what slave life is really like. One day he is relocated to the slave chambers where his universe is turned upside down. 47 meets a presumably runaway slave, named Tall John who in all reality is an extraterrestrial. Through their friendship Tall John teaches 47 all about freedom and his world. Through the text we are given a chance to find a new experience with the world of slave history, African American folklore, and science fiction. After researching articles the main focus of discussion is the unique combining of the slave narrative with the science fiction. Slavery is still a very touchy subject. Whites do not want to relive the horrid treatment that they put upon the slaves and slaves do not want to read and learn about the harm done to their ancestors. Walter Mosley chose to write this story to convey the story of slavery from a first person narrative but also to put a spin on it so that it wouldn’t be so depressing. The text has some amazing, out of this world gadgets and healing devices but I am even more compelled to think that the truth it brings to light is an even more powerful thing. As Hazel Rochman stated I have to fully agree, â€Å"slavery is the most unbelievable part of this whole story†. In â€Å"Conversations with Walter Mosley† by Owen Edward Brady we read that Walter Mosley’s novels are filled with â€Å"folk archetypes†. In 47 we are able to see the full l ist of archetypes being fulfilled. The archetypal seeker could be Tall John leaving his planet to come to earth to find 47. It could also be 47 leaving the big house to end up in the slave quarters. The Junex verses the Senex could be the conflict between Pritchard and 47. The Orphan could be Tall John, 47, 84’s children, or any other slaves that were torn away from their families. The Caregiver could be Mama Flore, Mud Albert, or Champ Noland. The Sage in the text is Tall John from beyond Africa. Friends are Tall John and 47. Lovers are Tall John and 84, Mama Flore and Mud Albert, 47’s parents. Warriors and Heroes are Mama Flore, Mud Albert, and Champ Noland. Villains are Mr. Stewart, Pike, and Calash. Rulers are portrayed to be Mr. Tobias and the whites. The Trickster in 47 is Tall John. He uses many different tricks be them for good or bad. The pros and cons of 47 are hard to distinguish. If you were to use this text in a secondary setting you would need to get the administrator’s and parent’s permission. The cons of using this text in a secondary setting are that the text has some brutal hardships that the slaves had to endure. Language, rape, torture, kidnapping, and slavery are some of the cons that might not be appropriate for a less mature audience. The pros of the text are astounding. The story points out so many truths about slavery, and the pains that it places upon each generation. 47 takes a huge stance against slavery and thus takes a stand against racial prejudices. â€Å"Neither master nor nigger be† are powerful words that ring true for 47, finally. 20 Minute Writing Assignment – Think about Tall John’s â€Å"yellow bag of tricks† and think back through the text. What are some items that should have been in his bag? You can create / design a new item or think of something that could have been there that could have helped them along their journey. Works Cited Mosley, Walter, and Owen Edward Brady. Conversations with Walter Mosley. Jackson: University of Mississippi, 2011. Print. Mosley, Walter. 47. New York: Little, Brown, 2006. Print. Rochman, Hazel. â€Å"Walter Mosley Literature.† Walter Mosley Literature. N.p., n.d. Web. 07 Feb. 2013.

How is horror created in ‘The Pit and the Pendulum’? Essay

In the short story ‘The Pit and the Pendulum’ by Edgar Allan Poe, he uses many different techniques to create horror. Poe starts off by stating that the narrator was ‘sick – sick unto death’. The repetition of the word sick here emphasis how bad he feels, also ‘sick unto death’ suggests that he already feels like he is dead. Death is emphasised more with ‘the dread sentence of death’. This emphasis on death is telling us that he is metaphorically already dead. Poe then describes the expressions on the black robed judge’s face as ‘stern contempt of human torture’. This description suggests a grotesque look upon their face. The word torture also gives a sense of capture, which is also emphasised by ‘permitted to sit’ as permitted gives a feeling that someone is keeping authority over him at all time. Death is once again emphasised as he describes the darkness as a soul descending ‘into Hades’. With Hades being the Greek God of the underworld it is like the narrator has been enveloped by death. Again it is emphasised by, ‘How at least shall we distinguish its shadows from those of the tomb?’, this description tells us that the narrator is not sure whether or not he is dead or alive. Or this could suggest that he is coming to accept the fact that this place is going to be his tomb as there is no escape in sight. The narrator describes how he dares ‘not to employ my vision’. This shows us that he is afraid to open his eyes as he is afraid that he will either see some terrible sights before him. Or that he will open his eyes and there will be nothing and he will be dead. When he opens his eyes he describes it as ‘the blackness of eternal night encompassed me’. This shows us that his surroundings completely and utterly black, there is nothing to be seen. This suggests horror as many people are scared of what lurks in the dark. He then goes on to say ‘Yet not for a moment did I suppose myself actually dead’, this description tells us that, while he did not actually think he was dead, he had to have felt like that. Poe uses real life locations that had places of torture during the Spanish inquisition as a description, ‘as well as the condemned cells at Toledo’. This use of real life locations gives an insight to how gruesome the torturing that the narrator is going through even more gruesome as they really exsisted. The theme of light plays a large part in creating horror. The narrator first describes how he is desperate ‘in the hope of catching some faint ray of light’ this shows he is starting to get slightly crazy in the hope of seeing light. He also describes it as a ‘subterranean world of darkness’, which is effective as the dungeon was described as ‘damp’ earlier in the story. When the narrator is exploring the inside of the prison, he describes the one of the smells as ‘decayed fungus.’ This is effective as the decaying is the plant dying and it foreshadows the fact that he will also be dying in the dungeon. Foreshadowing is used again with ‘a sullen plunge into water’, which gives horror as we can tell that this is going to be his fate. Sound then comes into play in his story, ‘loud echoes’ shows us the enormous size of the pit and the dungeon in general. It also comes into play as he ‘trembled at the sound’ of his own voice. This shows that the dungeon is normally extremely quiet, or that he is extremely scared to the point that even his own voice will scare him. Poe once again starts to describe the feeling of death, and how the narrator is starting to accept his fate. He does this by describing how he is ‘resolving there to perish rather than risk the terrors of the wells,’ this not only shows us that is has no problem with dying in there anymore, but it also shows us that the dungeon is absolutely terrifying if the narrator decides that he would rather die than venture through it anymore. This is also shown a little later as he describes his sleep as ‘a sleep like that of death’, showing that there is no escape and that even in sleep he still feels like death is upon him. One great use of description is the ‘painted figure of time’ that resides on the roof. This symbolism is showing us that the narrator’s time is up and he will soon die. He then goes on to describe that there is a ‘scythe’ with the painting of time. This adds to the fact that he will soon die as a scythe is commonly represented with the sign of death, as death is usually depicted as a skeleton, which the figures were described to have ‘skeleton forms’, with a black robe, which was also seen on the judges, and a scythe. This constant symbolism of death shows us greatly that the narrator has no other choice and he will die. The narrator also describes that he saw ‘enormous rats’ traversing the floors. The fact that they are enormous also tells us that there were probably people in the dungeons either alongside the narrator or before him, as for them to be big they must have eaten. This theory is slightly hinted upon as the narrator described their eyes as ‘ravenous’ which suggests that they have eaten human before and recognize him as food. The narrator realises this is but one more of the many things here that could kill him. While Poe referenced to Hades and the underworld earlier, he does something similar as he described the pit ‘typical of hell’. This description of the pit, referring it to the afterlife, once again adds to this looming fear of death that has been present throughout the entirety of the story. He also describes it as the ‘Ultima Thule of all their punishments’. This means that it is the worst possible thing that they could ever do to anybody, and the fact that the narrator just merely misses it is complete luck. But, as in a place like that there is no luck, it is obvious that it is going to be his fate in the end. The narrator seems to start losing his sanity as he starts ‘smiling at the glittering death’ of the pendulum coming towards him. But from his point of view he can see the pendulum coming towards his as a source of definite death, and not aimless wandering around the same corridor for an undetermined amount of time. Poe starts describing the pendulum through personification. He describes how its ‘acrid breath’ found its way into the narrators nose, and how, as it was descending, it was ‘hissing’. These things make you feel like the pendulum itself is alive and wants to kill the narrator. The narrator describes how he had a ‘frenzied pleasure’ in watching the pendulum come down. Poe reflects this in his writing, ‘Down — steadily down’, ‘Down — certainly and relentlessly down!’, ‘Down — still unceasingly — still inevitably down’. The repetition of ‘down’ is showing us how all the narrator can see is the gleaming of the pendulum coming ever so slightly towards him with every swing. The words used in describing the movement of the pendulum downwards are also effective. ‘Unceasingly’ and ‘inevitably’ tell us that the narrator is starting to get worried at the downward movement of the pendulum. Poe takes advantage of the fears of the readers in order to make the story full of horror. This was easily achieved when he writes that the narrator’s ‘every motion was being undoubtedly watched. This works greatly as it makes it more relatable to the reader as nearly everybody has had the feeling that they are being watched and knows how terrifying it feels. He describes being watched later on as well as he describes that ‘demon eyes’ were glaring upon him ‘in a thousand directions’. This adds to the readers fears and makes them uneasy while reading the rest of the story. Once again the narrator is starting to come to terms with the fact that he is going to die as even after escaping from the threat of the pendulum he says that he had ‘but escaped death in one form of agony, to be delivered unto worse than death in some other.’ This shows us that he has given up trying to escape as he knows that he will just be given an even worse punishment in the end. Then it is described when the thought of being crushed by the metal walls as ‘fiery destruction’ is in contrast to the description in the ‘coolness of the well’. These descriptions used make the option of the pit seem like the worse of two evils, like the coolness of the pit will relieve him from the fiery destruction of the enclosing walls. This shows how desperate the narrator is to survive. Many of the different techniques that Poe used to create horror so that the reader feels more involved in the story. He uses real places so we feel more drawn into the story. He uses great description of the surroundings so we feel more involved and he gives us the inner monologue of the character so we can feel more involved and it keeps us wanting more.

Industrial Revolution and Agricultural Revolution

The Industrial revolution began in the early 1800s. The industrial revolution could not have happened if the agricultural revolution had not preceded it. During the Agricultural Revolution several inventions that reduced the need for man power were invented. Two of those inventions were the Jethro Tull seeding drill and the cotton gin. The seeding drill planted seeds in rows which made the crops easier to manage and harvest. The cotton gin was invented in 1793 by Eli Whitney, it took the seeds out of the cotton. The cotton gin made it so that the work that previously needed to be done y fifty men could now be done by one. An idea of the agricultural revolution was crop rotation. Crop rotation was switching the crops into different fields each year which allowed farmers to produce 25 % more crops and more During the agricultural revolution population went up and less people were needed to work on the farms. There were a lot of people that needed jobs but there were not a lot of jobs for people on farms so the people turned to the cities. The time when people went into the cities looking for jobs which caused the populations of the cities to at east double was called urbanization. During urbanization the city of Manchester in the United kingdom grew from 50,000 people to 500,00 people, this rapid increase of population took place during an extremely short period of time. The United Kingdom became the place where the industrial revolution was born. It happened here because the UK had land, labor, and wealth. Factories arose first in Since there were factories everywhere, there were plenty of jobs for the people. Even though the factories did provide jobs for the people they were not good jobs. People started working as young as the age of six. The average work day was 14-16 hours, and that†s a lot of working hours, especially for a young child. Inside the factories the conditions were absolutely dreadful. The air was full of dust and other things that made it practically unbreathable, the machines were dangerous and often took a persons limbs or injured them in other ways. Because the work days were so long and the workers were practically on their feet the entire day people became deformed and had problems with their legs. Despite all the hard labor and dangers of the work place the workers were still paid next to nothing. Eventually working conditions did improve. One of the things that helped improve conditions were unions. Unions were when all of the workers got together to get things that they wanted, they mainly used collective bargaining to get what they wanted. Another thing that helped improve working conditions were legislative reforms. Legislative reforms helped improve working conditions because they regulated and limited several things such as how old you had to be before you could work, how many ours you could work, and how much you got paid. The government also made sure that the factories were safe for people to be working in so that people did not get hurt by the machines so often. Another thing that changed during the Industrial Revolution was public education. Horace Mann made public education free. It is important that we have free public education because we live in a democratic society and people have to be educated to make wise There were also some more positive effects of all these factories. People began to dress better than they had efore and they owned more possessions because the machines were able to make things that they wanted in larger quantities much faster than if they were hand made. People also had money to purchase things that they Laissez Faire translates to â€Å"let do. † The economy called laissez fair had no governmental controls over the economy. In Laissez Faire free trade was allowed which made for a strong natural economy. Adam Smith was a Laissez Faire economist he wrote â€Å"Wealth of Nations,† and his ideas became the basis for capitalism. Capitalism was an economic system in which oney was invested in business ventures with the goal of making a profit. The Laissez Faire economists believed that government controls would ruin the economy. Socialism was the economic system in which the means of production are owned by the public to benefit all equality. Karl Marx was a radical socialist that wrote â€Å"The communist Manifest. † He believed that owners were the â€Å"haves† because they had the money and that the workers were the â€Å"have nots† because they did not have much money. Marx saw this as unfair. He saw history as a class warfare and an overflow of the working class.

Financial Management Fundamentals Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Financial Management Fundamentals - Essay Example The company may face problems in meeting its short term obligations. The company has not raised long term debts and its long term liability is only pension liability. Accordingly the company is very low geared. Earning per share and dividend per share are so attractive that company will get oversubscribed whenever the company will go public. The detailed financial analysis follows: Profitability of Nichols Plc. have been analyzed from three angles, namely, Net Margins, Return on Assets(ROA) , and Return on Equity (ROE). Financial statements for Nichols Plc. have presented the profitability for 2006 (and restated figures for 2005) before and after taking into account exceptional items. Accordingly the profitability analysis have been made from both angles, i.e., before and after the exceptional effects on profitability. The following ratio calculations have helped in reaching an investigative analysis: Net profit margin â€Å"also called the Return on sales ratio, it shows after tax profit(net income) generated by each sales dollar by measuring the percentage of sales revenue retained by the company after operating expenses, creditor interest expenses, and income taxed have been paid.†(BDC)1. Net Profit Margins have shown a tremendous jump from 7.37 % to 10.01 despite the fact the sales revenue has been reduced from 63.336m in 2005 to 52.296m in current year 2006. That means Nichols has worked on some strategic issues and kept the qualitative business alive that generates the real profits for the company. This fact is clearer when a reference is made net profit margins after the exceptional adjustments; the increase in net margin is by huge 5.54%. Also the Chairman’s Statement makes the issue of profitability absolutely clear when it states that, â€Å"the progress made in underlying profitability is actually much greater than the headline figures suggest, due to di storting effects of Balmorals disposals completed in January 2006.† As

Foreign Newspaper Report Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Foreign Newspaper Report - Research Paper Example I choose the article â€Å"World economy on verge of new jobs crash and bigger recession on the way† and â€Å"Corrupt nation holding a gun, to a just as corrupted EU head's† on which the report will focus (Smith 4). There is a specific theoretical framework that I am on familiar terms with, which journalists make their analysis. This particular theoretical framework is the title of the articles the journalists use for their analysis. When the journalists write the title, they already show the readers what side of the story they have taken and will concentrate on portraying it that way. The journalists ponder and develop their thoughts and facts on what the possible reactions would come from the topic of the article. The journalists take the thoughts that are related in one way or another to the topic of the article and put them in a group of themes that frame the story in the article as a whole (Heiss 3). There are a number of elements apart from the theoretical framew ork that are made out or which can be applied on the articles chosen. The newspaper articles utilize the 5w’s which stand for who, what, where, when, etcetera in the first paragraph through to the second paragraph. The Journalist of the articles chosen, utilize a number of a lot of paragraphs that are short and to the point instead of long paragraphs because if the readers see long paragraphs a majority may not likely read the article. The articles start with a new paragraph every time a novel quote is appended or novel information is put in, add interest to article, and supports the story.. The articles have creative headlines with large fonts that grab the attention of readers and relates soundly to the topic. The articles have a byline, which provides the name of the writer. The articles chosen have a lead sentence that is used to capture the attention of readers, as well as sums up the focal point of the lead. The lead sentence in these articles recognizes the subject, la ys down the tone, as well as guiding the reader to reading the articles. The newspaper articles chosen are chronological, cause and effect, classification, list, and inquire and answer questions relating to the topic (Smith 6). Global finance and corruption are international issues that are important to the UK. Global finance is important to the UK because it directs how business will be carried out in the entire United Kingdom. Global finance enables the UK to know where it stands and lets it to make sound economic decisions that favor the country by studying and evaluating the economic trends in other countries worldwide with which they do business with as a whole. Corruption is important to the UK because corruption affects the country as a whole, it undermines political development, democracy, economic development, the environment, peoples health and others (Heiss 5). The likely implications of global finance and corruption that global finance enable a country to grow and be abl e to develop because of the information that global finance holds. This is because sometimes the global community influences how a country makes its fiscal decisions for it to be able to triumph and make sound decisions for the country as a whole. The implications for corruption is that corruptions make a country to lower its development as a country in a number of ways, which degrades the country and makes the country poor,

Public Sector vs Private Sector Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Public Sector vs Private Sector - Research Paper Example The researcher states that the evaluation of projects has three key parts: a) the identification of costs, b) the identification of outputs and c) the comparison of the findings related to the previous two phases. In practice, the method chosen for the evaluation of a project can highly variable depending on the project’s targets, the resources available and the environment in which the project was first developed. For example, if the project has been developed in the private sector its evaluation will be based on a method that will be different from those used in the public sector. The specific method of project evaluation is ideal for projects that have both economic and non-economic effects. When the costs involved in a project are difficult to be precisely estimated, then the Cost-Effectiveness Analysis would be preferred. The Cost-Effectiveness Analysis has an important benefit: it gives the chance to choose among alternative projects so that the project related to the lo west costs is identified. The only drawback of the Cost-Effectiveness Analysis is the following one: in projects of the public sector, not all costs can be clearly estimated in advance, especially if the project involved is related to a non-economic sector, as, for example, education. A different process for the evaluation of a project can be chosen, taking into consideration the economic and social environment and the project’s targets.  

US women's army auxiliary corp (WWII) Research Paper

US women's army auxiliary corp (WWII) - Research Paper Example Women’s participation in the US military as auxiliary army corps during the Second World War was essentially a milestone in the women’s development and gender equality that were rooted the Enlightenment in Europe.Though women’s involvement in the US Women’s Auxiliary Army Corps was not the direct result of these movements, it can be viewed as the call of the situation that provides the women of the era with a unique opportunity to reinforce their position in outdoor workplace. Also their participation can be viewed as a sequel to the series of remarkable events in the women’s rights in the United States. Though women’s involvement in the US Women’s Auxiliary Army Corps was not the direct result of these movements, it can be viewed as the call of the situation that provides the women of the era with a unique opportunity to reinforce their position in outdoor workplace. Opposing the traditional socio-religious barriers to and prejudices that women are best suited for indoor activities due to their psychophysical fragility, women’s position in outdoor activities was reinforced by their participation in the Women’s Army Auxiliary Corp. Indeed the root of the Women’s Army Auxiliary Corp lies in the women’s unarmed services â€Å"with the Army under contract and as volunteers during World War I as communications specialists and dietitians† (Bellafiare 4). Subsequently, a bill regarding women’s inclusion into the US Army as regular personnel with equal pay, equal legal protection, disability benefits, pensions and medical care was proposed by Edith Nourse Rogers, the Congresswoman of Massachusetts. But Rogers’ propositions did not go unchallenged since â€Å"both the Army and the American public initially had difficulty accepting the concept of women in uniform† (Moore 34). Finally, Rogers’ committee and the US Military authority came to a compromise regardi ng the women’s legal rights in the army and the Women's Army Auxiliary Corps (WAAC) became existent in 1942 by Public Law 554 () as a branch "for the purpose of making available to the national defense the knowledge, skill, and special training of the women of the nation." (Bellafaire 7). Later, the WAAC gained the full status of an army branch, being converted to Women’s Army Corp (WAC) in 1943. About 150,000 American women â€Å"served in the Women's Army Corps (WAC) during World War 11. Members of the WAC were the first women other than nurses to serve within the ranks of the United States Army† (Bellafiare 5). Rights of the WAAC Members Though Rogers’s idea was to provide the women with full status of army personnel in the US Army, due to the novelty of the idea and social barriers and prejudice towards women’s participation in armed activities, the WAAC members did not have the full rights that their male counterpart had enjoyed so far. Rogers was motivated, to propose the bill, mainly by the volunteer female civilians’ participation in the First World War as unofficial auxiliary force to the US force without â€Å"benefits of official status† such as legal protection, medical care, shelter, food, etc. So Rogers motive was that â€Å"if women were to serve again with the Army in a wartime theater they would receive the same legal protection and benefits as their male counterparts† (Bellafiare 6). Though until 1943, about 150,000 WAAC auxiliaries received the basic provisions of a soldier such as â€Å"food, uniforms, living quarters, pay, and medical care† (), rank and salary discriminations continued. Also women WAAC officers could not command men. Judith A. Bellafaire describes these discriminations as following: â€Å"The Director of the WAAC was assigned the rank of major. WAAC first, second, and third officers served as the equivalents of captains and lieutenants in the Regular Army, but received less pay than their male counterparts of similar rank† (2). Unlike the male soldiers and other officials, the WAAC members did not get â€Å"Government life insurance, veteran’s medical coverage, and death benefits† (Bellafaire 3). Also though the WAAC members, according to the bill, could work oversea, they did not get legal protection of the international prisoner’

Reflective evaluation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Reflective evaluation - Essay Example There are quite a number of occasions when I wanted to tell more to drive a point across, but the time allotment is not enough to allow me to do that. Another problem that rose from this is knowing what to include or omit in the presentation slides. I had to use other means of presenting data. For this particular report, I used tables extensively to give the results of my literature review and interview. However, pictures, charts and graphs are also commonly used in compressing many messages in a smaller space. However, it is better to have a lot to omit than having less to include. As I look back to how I prepared for and delivered this presentation, I now realize that it is better to come overprepared. It gives me added boost of confidence in the delivery of the report, as well as in answering questions from the members of the audience. Whenever presentations are to be given, research is vital. Acquiring sufficient knowledge is required to be able to discuss the points adequately. However, sufficiency of information does not only depend on quantity, but also on their quality. This means that the information should come from reliable sources, which are experts in the field in question. In this particular presentation, I felt that I have researched many and various journal articles to sufficiently support the points that I want to drive at.

Blackrock Inc. strategic business and model Essay

Blackrock Inc. strategic business and model - Essay Example The study highlights on the development of corporate strategy for BlackRock. Strategic position and Business Model of BlackRock Strategic position helps the organization to influence every aspect of business such as development of product, services provided by the company, location of operation and day to day operations (R. Abrams and R.M. Abrams, 2003). BlackRock believes in the core philosophy that gives paramount importance to the requirement of the clients and their business aims towards managing the assets of the clients based on their requirements only. In this context BlackRock has a team of investment professionals who are experts in global capital market. The focus of the company is on excellent investment and state-of-art analytics, which is complemented by senior level commitment towards service. This helps the company to build dynamic relationship with the client and serving them with a range of services that caters to their liabilities and asset allocation needs (BlackRo ck, 2013). Business model is defined by the operations, policies and technologies used by the business. The business model of an organization describes how the company generates revenue (Morley and Parker, 2009). The business model of BlackRock is very simple. They invest heavily in management and risk management and gives first priority to the interest of the clients. By following this business model they make themselves easily differentiable from their competitors. They do not make any differentiation between the clients whether it is Federal Reserve, insurance company, pension plan, wealth fund or any individual client, everyone is treated with the similar proprietary structure (Fink, 2010). SWOT Analysis of BlackRock Inc. SWOT analysis is the technique that is easily understandable and provides strategic analysis of the company by sorting the ideas about the future and the ability of the firm to exploit the future (Piercy and Giles, 1989). By listing the unfavorable and favorabl e, external and internal issues, the planner can understand how the strength can generate new opportunities and how weaknesses can slow down the progress of the firm and create threat for the organization (Helms and Nixon, 2010). Strength BlackRock looks toward providing opportunities to build a better financial future for its clients. They have a huge unparallel range of passive and active investment strategy among which iShare is the leading. iShare is used by clients to equitize their cash and adopt tactical and core exposures. iShare has recorded the strongest business by generating $18.2 billion new business or an annualized growth of 12% (BusinessWire, 2012). BlackRock has a strong set of expert people who are working with them to provide excellent solution. At the same time they are also backed by â€Å"World class risk management capabilities of BlackRock solutions† (BlackRock Inc., 2011, p. 3). Business Operation Group established by BlackRock ensures that all the op erations are efficient and consistent across the products, regions and client channel. The employees of the company feel that BlackRock has a meaningful and strong cultural base and they have rated themselves as highly engaged. This shows that the employees are also satisfied with the firm (BlackRock, 2013). The reputation and brand name of the company contributes efficiently towards the strength of the company. Moreover the company has strengths in multiple

Water Purification Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Water Purification - Essay Example Boiling water as a means of purifying it is probably one of, if not the most popular and safest water purification processes. Use this simple method to bring water to a rolling boil for at least 5 minutes or longer according to some experts and let it cool before drinking. Along with the many impurities that boiling has removed it also removes the oxygen and this is responsible for its flat taste. A very small price to pay for clean drinking water, you can reinstate its taste by shaking it up or pour it back and forth between two containers to put back the oxygen. Purification using household unscented bleach is another solution, more likely if boiling is not possible. Before executing this method, you may need to filter the water if necessary. This can be done using coffee filters, paper towels or any other clean piece of cloth. After which, place the water in a container and add 2 drops of regular household bleach per quart of water, 8 drops per gallon and the  ½ teaspoon per 5 g allons of water. However, dosage may need to be doubled if the water is cloudy. (Emergency Water Purification Calculator) Following the selected dosage, mix thoroughly and leave for half an hour before drinking but an hour if the water is cold or cloudy.  Lastly, another recommended solution for water purification is filtration using commercial filters. Most of these commercial filters block contaminants using physical obstruction or chemical absorption or a combination of both. Filtration using these filters is regarded as the premier method of water purification removing more contaminants and proving more effective than other methods.  In conclusion, these methods may provide a solution for unsafe water that may contain bacteria and viruses. If water is suspected to be unsafe for other reasons such as chemicals, sewage, poisonous substances etc, it is not recommended for drinking, even if ‘purified’.

Negligence Definition Essay Example for Free

Negligence Definition Essay A failure to behave with the level of care that someone of ordinary prudence would have exercised under the same circumstances. The behavior usually consists of actions, but can also consist of omissions when there is some duty to act (e.g., a duty to help victims of ones previous conduct). OVERVIEW Primary factors to consider in ascertaining whether the persons conduct lacks reasonable care are the foreseeable likelihood that the persons conduct will result in harm, the foreseeable severity of harm that may ensue, and the burden of precautions to eliminate or reduce the risk of harm. See Restatement (Third) of Torts: Liability for Physical Harm  § 3 (P.F.D. No. 1, 2005). Negligent conduct may consist of either an act, or an omission to act when there is a duty to do so. See Restatement (Second) of Torts  § 282 (1965). Five elements are required to establish a prima facie case of negligence: the existence of a legal duty to exercise reasonable care; a failure to exercise reasonable care; cause in fact of physical harm by the negligent conduct; physical harm in the form of actual damages; and proximate cause, a showing that the harm is within the scope of liability. Negligence is an actionable tort. This means that if one persons carelessness causes another personal injury, the injured party may sue to recover damages (money) for his or her injuries. The idea that a person can sue for negligence is a relatively new phenomenon, only about a century old. The reason for negligences late recognition is because common law traditionally recognized only intentional torts; that is, it held parties responsible for injuries that were the result of intentional acts. It was irrelevant that the actor did not intend to injure anyone, much less the injured party, but it only needed to be shown that the actor intended the action that caused the injury. In these cases, evidence of who caused what injury was affirmative, direct, and fairly objective. The concept of permitting someone to recover damages for injuries caused by someones lack of action or failure to do something was a revolutionary concept. Since its recognition as an action in tort, negligence has become a major source of very large jury awards. It is the root of all product liability cases. When  people complain about our legal system and the outrageous verdicts being awarded nowadays, they are speaking about negligence. Originally, negligence was recognized by the courts as part of the common law. Over time, as causes of action became more numerous and as damages became larger, various efforts were undertaken to limit the appeal of negligence lawsuits. The doctrine of contributory negligence eventually evolved, in some states, into a system of comparative fault that permitted recovery on a completely relative scale. Thus, in an accident one could be 90 percent at fault for ones own personal injury and still sue to recover the 10 percent of the damages suffered that were caused by the other party.

Bias in Historical Description Essay Example for Free

Bias in Historical Description Essay The article reviewed was Behan McCullagh’s Bias in Historical Description, Interpretation, and Explanation in which he gave a brief but thorough outlook on the manner to which historical accounts are peppered with biased analysis and his opinion on how historians would be able to diminish, if not fully obliterate, from the nature of recounting past events. Why History is Biased McCullagh started of his piece by constructing four reasons as to why he thought that historical writings are mainly biased. His first reason was that he believed historians misinterpreted evidences without properly asserting the truth about its justification. His second reason was that information may already have been omitted by historians in compiling such past accounts that cater to make their views balanced. The third reason was that he deems general description of any historical information may include certain facts that are possibly false due to the uncertainty of most available sources. Lastly, his fourth reason was in reference to causal explanations, concisely described in the article as events that substantially modify the likelihood of the event, which are usually focused on a few important causes that renders a misleading point of view in the reader’s comprehension of the process of events (McCullagh, 2000). McCullagh voiced out that historians who often make mistakes in incorporating biases in their interpretations are typically motivated rather than accidental. He also noted difference between personal and cultural biases, delineating that the latter is far more difficult to be rectified than the other as it is ingrained, yet maintaining that historians must still try to do away with personal bias. He then goes on to further illustrate the concept of bias in historical accounts (McCullagh, 2000). The concept of Bias in Historical Accounts: McCullagh elucidated on the point that historians choose subjects which are of interests to them, inevitably providing a more partial basis to their interpretation of historical information. Consequently, historians are said to be products of their environment or culture, which will naturally hold general notions about the past. Thus, written accounts by historians are subjected to the availability of information gathered and on the decisions made through constant debates on what gets included and what should be disregarded. Such process is said to most likely offer misleading descriptions of historical accounts that have a particular cause (McCullagh, 2000). However, McCullagh has held that preconceived notions about a historical subject that are not biased could be observed in occurrences that involves transformation within a country’s economy as well as social structures. Biases are only attached when selective causes are highlighted while others of equal importance are disregarded (McCullagh, 2000). The perception of biases in constructing history should be avoided as according to McCullagh it provides a deceptive account of the historical subject which may cause misunderstandings and unnecessary negative consequences in conflict-driven situations. McCullagh presented three reasons as to why there are some who think that there is no way to evade the prospect of bias in historical accounts. First was that the interests of historians are automatically considered in determining the historical importance of a subject, the information extracted and the word preferences to use. The second was that preconceptions of historians and their contemporaries have biased point of views and the third one is the reiterated thought that historians have ingrained cultural beliefs and principles (McCullagh, 2000). Overcoming Personal Bias: McCullagh presented his opinion on how historians could be able to avoid injecting biases in interpreting historical data. He stated that historians should be committed to standards of rational thinking that would bring about a justified description of the past. One way to impose this is through peer reviews so as to motivate historians to follow certain acceptable guidelines in rational inquiry. The role of the historian is an important factor in maintaining social responsibility and creating a fair account of historical events (McCullagh, 2000). He denotes that multiplicity in perspectives is another way to produce rational historical inquiry as it presents different views of witnesses which melds relevant information into one account (McCullagh, 2000). McCullagh also pondered upon the notion that for people to prevail over biases, historians must accept that historiography is limited within itself and that the end of the discipline should also be considered in interpreting the past in a postmodern view (McCullagh, 2000). Reference: McCullagh, C. B. 2000. â€Å"Bias in Historical Description, Interpretation, and Explanation. † History Theory 39(1): 39 – 66.

Music industry and effect of digital world

Music industry and effect of digital world The marketing department of a record label plays a large part in portraying an artists image to its fan base and the music industry. Once an artist has produced their music and is ready to be made public, it is up to the marketing department to make sure that it is made available in all media formats. This is done solely through a range of distribution and promotion campaigns. This case will look at the current situation of the music industry and analyse the effect the new technologies and the digital world are having on record labels and artists. Firstly by looking at a micro and macro environmental view point using various analysis models a better understanding can be made of the music industry in its current state. Once establishing the fundamentals areas by which record labels can advance objectives will be set and followed by promoting and distributing an up and coming artist to her target audience. This record label is called Mystical Records and currently manages one, up and coming artists called Thallie. Thallie is originally from Mauritius, however is now based in the UK and is looking for her big break. Back at home in Mauritius she has be compared with the likes of Shakira and Whitney Houston due to her singing style. Thallie is an urban artist, producing songs in a range of genres from RB to Dancehall. She has made a name for her self back in Mauritius, and now feels that is time to tackle the international markets in particular to the UK and US music markets. 2.0 Analysis The music industry will be analysed through both a macro and micro environmental aspect. The macro environment will be analysed using a PEST analysis, therefore determining all external factors of the music industry. Examining legal factors concerning illegal downloaders which are affecting record label sales, and to establish any government action taken to tackle this problem. Economic factors will be analysed in terms of income and revenue of artists and record labels. The most important element being the technological factors which are also heavily influencing social factors within the music industry, through recent developments in social and mobile networks. Secondly by looking at the micro environment using Porters (1979) five forces model a better understanding of the industries levels profitability. This model shows how customers, competitors, suppliers, distributors and dealers are all affected with the recent changes in the music industry. A major factor towards recent changes of power and relationships has been due to advances in technology over recent years. The internet has affected many industries, however with the surge in social networks and peer-to-peer (P2P) sharing systems the market share of major record labels has been hit hard. 2.1 PEST Analysis 2.1.1 Political / Legal Factors Major record labels are being turned against obtaining information on customer communications from telecom companies by European American Parliaments. This is due to the greater risk of terrorism occurring. (Appendix 2). This information could be also be used to gain access to private information by the music industry. (Appendix 2). Many cases have been held against illegal downloaders by the music industry. (Now over 150 cases in the UK, according to the British Phonographic Industry.) (Appendix 2). A large majority of illegal downloaders obtain music through peer-to-peer (P2P) sharing software; therefore by taking legal action against P2P operators, there can be a step forward in tackling a large number of illegal downloaders. (Appendix 3). Kazaa (large P2P sharing software company) paid $115 million to record labels in compensation due to a case by the Australian Federal Court. (This has been the largest case of its kind.) (Appendix 3). Similar cases have taken place under courts of law in Denmark, Netherlands, Russia, Taiwan. (Appendix 3). By signing agreements with record labels to become legal, P2P sharing software operators can escape being prosecuted. (Appendix 3). As technology evolves so does the level of crime. For example the evolution of digital radio stations (Digital Audio Broadcasters (DAB)) has lead to the evolution of DAB ripping. (Appendix 3). The likes of Apple are being restricted by having their music offerings only available on iPod players, and therefore believe by having copyright protection removed by record labels, there can be a better turnover for all parties involved. (Appendix 13). The current traditional method of record labels is that they keep the copyrights of artists recordings, which generally leads to the record label being profitable and the artists breaking even. (Appendix 7). A new possible method of keeping the music industry profitable may be by legalising file sharing and giving artists / bands control over their own music. (Therefore working with a collapsed copyright system.) (Appendix 7). 2.1.2 Economic Factors There are more methods of opportunities for artists / bands to both increase revenue and exposure, through CDs, digital downloads ringtones, concerts, TV shows, and video games. (Appendix 7). Concert ticket sales have increased immensely over recent years and have become major events in an artists / bands diary. (Appendix 7). A recent revision by the American President of the tax code has made it easier for intellectual property to be sold in the US, which therefore means that another possible method of development for the music industry can be through making artists / bands their own public company. As profits are taxed with low rates and intellectual property being fully accessible, their can be the possibility of artists / bands being invested in via the stock market. (Appendix 7). Due to the slow take up by the music industry of the digital world, there were slumps in sales by up to 7% in 2002 and 2003, by 2006 this figure had decreased to 4% and the music industry was showing signs of competing in new markets. (Appendix 17). Within a year in 2006 there has been an increase in sale of singles by 78% in the UK, therefore showing the change in trend of purchasing and obtaining music. This is due to this new digital age operating in full force. (Appendix 11). In Europe from 2005 to 2006 alone, there was an increase in single downloads of 80%, up to 111 million single tracks downloads. In the US during the same period there was an increase of 65% up to 583 million single tracks downloads. A calculation of the entire worlds single track download was made during the same time and was shown to have increased from 420 million in 2005, to 795 million in 2006 which is an 89% change. (Appendix 12). Music charts were traditionally accounted for through sales of singles and albums, now with recent changes the Top 40 charts are now calculated including downloads. (Conducted by the Entertainment Retailers Association, (ERA)) (Appendix 11). Digital music sales increased by $0.9 billion within a year from 2005, which includes both downloads to computers and mobile phones. (Calculated to be a tenth of all music sales.) (Appendix 17). Radio has been one of the most important formats by which new music is promoted, and in recent years there have been many mergers within the radio industry. With there only being a handful of companies left covering the majority of the national network, there has been a large homogenisation of the airwaves. This has meant that it is now even more difficult for artists / bands to get their music on to radio and promote the singles and albums. (Appendix 14). 2.1.3 Social Factors The increase in social networks has lead to artists having the opportunity to get the first major breaks in the industry. The popularity of social networks has lead to there being awards for the most number of friends for artists on social networks like MySpace. (Appendix 5). Fans are given the opportunity to share their interests in music, artists / bands and send/receive pictures from concerts, interviews etc. via discussion blogs and forums. These various applications are all being recognized within the music industry leading there to be a range of awards for artists. (Appendix 5). In addition to this many fans socialize on websites such as YouTube, where various video clips are shared and commented on, therefore giving many up and coming artists with small budgets an opportunity to be made aware. (Appendix 8). The innovation of music online has lead their to be sites such as Last.fm which makes it possible to connect fans through similar music tastes which aids the awareness of artists and fan groups. (Appendix 5). The rise in social networks has lead to the phenomenon of making fans into marketers indirectly. As fans communicate and get involved with their favourite artists online offerings they are said to be in the process of online word of mouth. (Appendix 7). The changes in chart rules, allow up and coming artists to make their big break, this is through including online downloads to be which is allowing fans to have more control and influence over music. (Appendix 9). As selling CDs is no longer enough to generate revenue, many other formats have been given better consideration, such as ringtones, concerts and video games. Each of these formats plays a part in influencing social groups and fans. For example ringtones can portray a persons music taste which in turn can relate to that persons social group. Concerts are a more traditional format where fans gather in a social aspect to see their favourite artists perform. (Appendix 7). The 20th Century showed a mass growth in the music industry, which linked music with intellect and in turn with social status. With classical and jazz music being linked with those who are intellectually elite, while pop and rock seemed to be linked with the general population. As the 20th Century developed, so did music in terms of their being more variations of genres. For example in the 1970s the emergence of progressive rock. (Appendix 7). Through developments across the world, in particular with technology and communications there have been changes in the style and influence of music. With musical influences coming from African, Jamaican, Latin American and Asian music through various means of media coverage all effecting social changes. Through increases in the number of university students there has also been a huge surge within the clubbing industry. This social activity has therefore lead there to be a direct link with music. Larger clubs offer a range of music genres each in separate rooms; where as smaller clubs play certain genres of music catering to the crowds tastes. 2.1.4 Technological Factors Technology has changed dramatically in recent years and has taken the world by storm, in particular within the music industry. An example of this was the introduction of online software called Napster, which was the first P2P sharing system. The recent developments in online social networks has allowed for there to be an added communication method between record labels and their artists fans. Every EMI artist now has a MySpace page allowing fans to swap news and post stories, share their video clips taken live from their mobile handsets. (Appendix 4). Digital technology specifically has grown at alarming rates; video directors now have to create their productions so that they play well with mobile devices with 2 inch screens. (Appendix 4). There are increasing range of formats by which music sold in this new digital era, for example USB singles and mobile packages. (Appendix 4). The advance of new technology is making is easier for record company marketers to target large portions of the youth and adult markets, through mediums such as social and mobile networks. (Appendix 5). The number of mp3 player inventions has also surged in recent years with market introductions of the Apple iPod and the Sony iRiver. In this case a large majority of the music is downloaded via P2P networks. There are increasingly becoming more and more formats where music can be applied to. (Appendix 7). New technologies have influenced relationships in the music industry greatly, as artists become more independent the major record labels are loosing out, and the fans are dictating what they want from music and having more communication with artists. (Appendix 8). Music downloaded to computers, mobile phones and any other digital device are all now calculated when establishing music charts due to their large presence in this modern era. Information and communication technology has created a new platform for music. (Appendix 11 12). The digital era has largely affected the methods by which music is created and performed. It is possible to a produce a single track or album simply with using a home computer giving opportunities to thousands of artists looking for their big break, where previously they would not have been able to. Buyer Power (HIGH) Buyers power is strong therefore influencing the industry. Developments in technology and resources mean a range of choices are available by which music can be purchased by customers. Instead of just CDs, music is available online, on mobile phones and other digital devices. Rivalry/Competitive Environment (HIGH) For a long time the five major record labels have profited from economies of scale, however the digital era has affected revenues. As more artists produce under their own record companies, the market share for each company consequently falls. The industry is becoming competitive at an alarming rate. Threat of Substitutes (HIGH) The internet has provided fans and customers with opportunity to purchase music from a number of locations therefore making record companies work hard at delivering the product at the right price and formats. As technology develops so does the number locations by which music can be applied. Threat of New Entrants (MEDIUM/LOW) The internet has lead there to be lower barriers to entry, allowing artists to set up their own record companies and to sell music themselves through new online channels. If new laws were to be put in place then there could be a possibility for the large record labels to regain some control. Supplier Power (MEDIUM/LOW) Previously record labels had a large influence on an artists career. However now in this digital era artists have more control of the distribution of their music and the record labels have less control over the artist. However as record labels come with large financial resources they have the opportunity to exploit all media formats professionally. 2.2 Five Forces Model of the Music Industry (Porter, 1979) 2.3 SWOT Analysis Below is a SWOT analysis of Mystical Records showing its the present assets and offerings and all future possibilities. STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES Low overheads such as staff. Talented artist roster. Thallie has a good reputation in Mauritius. Good product range. Access to a larger target market with online outputs. First to initiate online concerts. The ability to sell music at low prices therefore enticing new fans to engage in Thallies music. Difficult to establish on traditional formats like primetime radio. Lack of financial resources could still hinder the process, but less so with online outputs. Lots of risk due to some lack of expertise and staff. Possibly the same media outputs as competitor record companies therefore making the market hard to become established in. OPPORTUNITIES THREATS As technology develops more opportunities to apply music. To establish a larger fan base for artist roster at a quicker rate. To make artist roster internationally recognised. New sources of revenue e.g. ringtones and video games. Sell single tracks that are performing well in local markets to major record labels to market yet receiving royalties and retaining intellectual property rights. Lots of competition, with many artists creating their own record companies. Lack of piracy control. Major record labels re-establishing market share through new innovations. New legislations could cause problems in terms of artist awareness. Consumer tastes are ever changing. 3.0 Aims Objectives When developing the objectives many were discarded taking budget and resources in to consideration. The above objectives are a good indication as to what Mystical Records could achieve once various marketing tools and strategies have been implemented. Corporate Mission / Aim To become an established company both online and offline, that solely signs, promotes and manages up and coming artists. Key Objectives To raise the bulk of revenues though the online activities. To establish up to 8 digital communications of music for each artist. To establish a range of promotional activities in order to increase awareness of the artist roster. To establish a fan base of at least 8000 people through online social networks in 12 months. 4.0 Segmentation Mystical Records is a record company that manages artists under urban music style, therefore covering music genres such as RB, Hip Hop, Dancehall and related styles. Therefore automatically segmenting the entire population to those only interested in urban music. Further segmenting is derived through geographic, demographic and psychographic variables. 4.1 Geographic Geographic Segmentation defines customers according to their location (Brassington Pettitt, 2002). As a company based in the UK the large majority of current and potential fans will be from surrounding areas. Due to the majority of media outputs being online the potential fan base extends to a global field. As Thallie has a big background in Mauritius, the population there is part of the potential fan base. 4.2 Demographic According to Brassington and Pettitt (2002), demographic segmentation tells you a little more about the customer and the customer household on measurable criteria that are largely descriptive, such as age, gender, race, income, and occupation. Music in general has been almost equally shared between genders over the last 10 years. (Appendix 15). Though urban music originates from black African Americans, our offerings are for those of all races. The large majority of the population that engages in music via the internet are those aged between 16 to 25 years old. (Appendix 5). Urban music within the American markets only consists of roughly 22% of all music, however with digital innovations giving the ability to remix music into other genres the majority of the youth to adult market are potential fans. (15 to 29 years old) (Appendix 15). This age range concentrates on those who are students to working professionals; however the music on offer is available to all, especially due to low prices. 4.3 Psychographic Psychographic bases for segmentation centre on perceptual issues. (West et al, 2006). This element of segmentation considers those who listen and live urban music. Therefore including those who listen to specific radio stations and shows, those who attend specific night club events (both clubbers DJs), those who are involved with online networks, blogs and forums, and all related fields to urban music outputs. In particular our online offerings will be directed towards internet users and online social networkers. With music videos being placed on site such as YouTube to raise awareness and let fans comment on. YouTube carries more than 100 million videos a day (Appendix 8). 5.0 Targeting Now that the market segments have been established, strategies must be put in place in order to target each segment. Due to the majority of outputs being through online mediums, it is possible to apply music to more entities with both lower costs and lower risk. There are 3 general strategies by which targeting can occur (Dibb Simkin, 1996): Mass Marketing Strategy: This is where one marketing strategy is applied to the entire market, which leads to low production costs but carries this disadvantage that all customer seek different benefits. Multi Marketing Strategy: This is where the one large market is broken down to smaller markets and all offered different marketing strategies. This method caters for all however in some circumstances can require large financial resources. Single Marketing Strategy: This strategy is sometimes known as a niche strategy, where all marketing efforts are concentrated on one particular market. This can be very risky however if successful can be profitable. For Mystical Records the most viable targeting strategy would be a mixture of both multi and mass marketing strategy. As there will be a range of media outputs used, where there will be slightly different marketing strategies for each, there will be an element of a multi marketing strategy; therefore each media output will relate to a particular segment. Other segments that will be targeted differently include offline segments, such a night clubbers, DJs, and other media outputs. However in general for online segments there will be one mass marketing strategy and for offline segments there will be a mass marketing strategy therefore making it a more effective and competitive method for such a company. 6.0 Positioning As the music industry becomes increasingly competitive, in particular with more and more artists producing music under their own record labels it is important to be established as a recognised and positive company. According to Fill (2006) all products and all organisations have a position. In terms of Mystical Records becoming recognised within the industry and having more artists to sign with us, the marketing message of being a fun and innovative company will be sung. In particular our offering of online concerts will be the main focal point. In terms of Thallie, she will be marketed as a new up and coming artist with an exotic international background, proving to have some competitive advantage over other artists in similar situations. 7.0 Product Portfolio The product portfolio consists of the distribution of music, produced and marketed in a number of formats, such as CDs, music videos, events, live stream shows and digital downloads. The record labels main feature and source of revenue is the artist roster, which currently consists of one performer called Thallie. Thallie This artist is our first signing and therefore will be given maximum attention in making her a great musician. Thallie is an up and coming artist, originally from Mauritius but now looking to tackle the international market, and is now based in the UK. She is a singer with an urban style, producing music in a range of related genes music such as RB, Hip Hop, Dancehall. Back at home she has been known as the prospering version of Shakira (a world famous artist). CDs This media format will primarily be used as a promotional tool. In order to raise awareness of Thallie and her music, CDs will be distributed to radio stations, and at all events and gigs at which Thallie will perform at. There will be a small number of CDs available to purchase as a support to revenue. Music Videos Music videos of Thallies songs will be produced in order to be placed in a number of outputs. Like CDs, these music videos will be used to promote the artist to her current and potential fan base. The music videos will be uploaded online on social networks such as YouTube, Facebook, and MySpace, therefore allowing and encouraging fans to comment and discuss the artists music and create a following. This method will also be an ideal approach to launching new single tracks and other material. The music videos will also be made available for music television and other related outputs. Events (Offline) In order to raise awareness directly to current and potential fans, there will be a number of events, ranging from concerts, night club events and press releases. This element of the product portfolio will be one of the main sources of revenue, with fans having to pay for concert tickets and night club promoters having to pay a hiring fee for Thallie. Press releases will be the support activity in terms of promotions, however will be used a method to be recognised throughout the entire music industry. Live Stream Shows (Online) In recent years there have been many changes in the music industry, and new concept that has yet to be fully utilized is online concerts. As concerts have been a major source of revenue and as the internet has been the most popular means of obtaining music, putting the two together may possibly be another method by which record labels can prosper. Therefore by hosting live regular online concerts to Thallies global online fan base at a relatively low price a new income source can be created. Digital Downloads To support the live stream shows, digital downloads will be available to purchase at a variety of online locations. Fans and others interested in music will have the opportunity to purchase single tracks, albums, and short video clips. These downloads will be made available via the artists website and P2P sharing programmes, such as iTunes. Figure 1: BCG Matrix of Mystical Records Product Portfolio Music videos, events and digital downloads have all been placed as star products, as they all to have high potential growth and high market share. Music videos and digital downloads in recent years have been increasingly popular formats by which music is distributed and acquired and is therefore seen as a profitable source of revenue. Therefore the primary objective is to maintain and hold their current status and use it as a strategy to only develop and diminish. Thallie and live stream shows have both been placed under question marks, as they both have potentially high levels of growth, however they both currently have low market share. With changes within the industry and with technology as a whole both of these products are under building strategies and are projected to become star products and features. CDs have been placed in cash cows, as they are now seen as a traditional format by which music is distributed, however they will still be used for mostly promotional campaigns with the support of some sales. There will not be any major efforts made to sell physical CDs, but will be an ongoing production in order to maintain some regular income. 8.0 Place Strategies One of the most important processes of a record label is deciding where and how to deliver the artists music to the fans and other end users. By carefully implementing solid place strategies there can be an effective method by which the online arena can make an artists career. As a small record label there are limited budgets available, and therefore any chosen method of distribution must be carried out with due diligence. For Thallie, there will be a range of direct and indirect channels of distribution in order to market and sell her singles, albums and other material. The main location for this will be via the online arena, through her website and the record labels website. However there will be a number of channel intermediaries which will also be used to distribute and sell music to the fans and customers. In support there will be promotions and distribution through offline outlets such as local record stores and at events. The model below shows the various methods of distribution, with both direct and indirect channels. Thallies website can sometimes be seen as an indirect channel; however the same method will be used for future signings, and therefore is a direct link between the record label and the end users. = Indirect = Direct MYSTICAL RECORDS FAN BASE / CUSTOMERS / END USERS Record Stores P2P Sharing Systems Social Networks Thallies Website Figure 2: Channels of distribution 9.0 Promotional Strategies The selection of promotional activities to be used by Mystical Records will be a big challenge. They must suit the companys framework and budget, as well as be executed in a timely and efficient manner in order to achieve maximum results. The promotional campaign will hopefully lead to attracting a larger fan base, increased purchases, and establishing Thallie and Mystical Records within the music industry. A promotional mix will be implemented in order to promote the various musical productions by Thallie to her current and potential fan base. The mix consists of the following elements; advertising, direct marketing, personal selling, sales promotion, and public relations, however areas such as viral marketing, sponsorship and networking can also be included. 9.1 Advertising The first element of the promotional mix is advertising, this is where paid for messages and ideas are published to the public in order to inform, remind and persuade them. In the case of Mystical Records, advertising will be used to promote Thallies musical releases both online and offline. However more focused will be placed on offline advertisements due to their being many free advertising opportunities online. As a large portion of our target audiences are the youth market, advertising on global music websites can be an effective method to both reach and inform them of new offerings and events. Though traditional media formats are decreasing in popularity there are still opportunities to advertise in magazines and newspapers about new releases. However due to financial resources being lower advertising will be selective in terms of placing and regularity. 9.2 Sales Promotions / Incentives One of the most important aspects of the use of promotional tools is the incentives used to attract fans and customers to purchase Thallies music. For new customers registering their details via Thallies website or the record labels website, they will be offered free 10 minute viewing of upcoming live online concerts. This will both engage customers in purchasing the full showing of the concert and attract their friends and family to also register. Additionally monthly draws will be held giving selected customers free viewings of entire live online concerts or the chance to win tickets to regular live concerts or other freebies. For dedicated fans there will be further incentives of receiving free signed posters and CDs or even being chosen to feature in music videos. 9.3 Direct Marketing Once fans and customers have registered their details, information can be sent on a regular basis. For example details about special offers, events and new releases can be sent out through regular monthly emails to fans and customers. Information can be sent in a customised manner, making the communications with fans more personal. Traditional formats of direct marketing can be used a support tool, however due to this method costing a lot to be effective, an eCommerce (online channels) and mCommerce (mobile channels) channels of marketing is preferred. 9.4 Personal S

John Stuart Mill’s Education Essays -- John Stuart Mill Education Essa

John Stuart Mill’s Education John Stuart Mill’s education was intense at all times, but at different stages in his life he learned different things and in different ways. Though his education was unique by all accounts, it embodied many virtues that modern educational systems strive to include. These include: close parent involvement and one-on-one work between students and teachers; exposure to intellectual role models; emphasis on independent thought, logic, and pursuing curiosities; being held to high standards for achievement; being free from invidious comparisons to peers; and learning the value of seeking out peers for intellectual support and stimulation. He also learned, during personal struggles to understand his relationship with his father and to rediscover passion for life after his mental crisis, that the responsibility for his education and his happiness ultimately lay with himself. Most stunning in his account is what he learns about his father during his process of evaluating the way his father educated him, judging his father’s ideas and abilities, and navigating his relationship with his father over time. During his early childhood Mill’s father tutored him in classical languages and history through structured lessons overseen by his father. His father’s patience encouraged him to ask questions and made him understand that his education was a priority. In retrospect he described his early education as an example of how much can be accomplished in a period of life that is generally wasted. Though he was reading Greek by age three, he attributes his achievements not to his own genius but to his learning environment. While the modern reader is inclined to disbelieve this modest assertion, his unique up... ...his education at different stages of his life, but I think I presented it here much as I read it – which is to say, I’m more inclined to praise Mill’s education than my professor and classmates are. I hope I’ve done a good job of explaining why I think his early education prepared him for everything, even his mental crisis, because I consider that personal struggle a vital part of his education. Learning about oneself and having to provide one’s own meaning for life is an important part of education, and the foundation of logical thought, facing and meeting challenges, and persevering with tough tasks, helped Mill through his mental crisis. I still really like Mill, and though I’m obviously no where near the extreme of his life, I identify to some extent with the way he thinks, the way he was raised, and the personal struggles he’s had to work through on his own.

Matrix 1 v.s. Matrix 3 :: essays research papers

After watching â€Å"Matrix Revolutions,† I was disapointed. The movie lost its confusing yet interesting story line that the first one did very well, and there were so many characters that a lot of them got lost in the story and they wasted many good actors.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When they return to the real world and the battle of the machines starts, it just goes on and on and on while Neo and Trinity disapear for a long time. The fight scenes just never cut away for such a long time that in the end it became anoying to watch. When the human base was under attack by the machines, there was no dialogue for such a long time. The effects were really good but they didn't cut away from this specific scene for what seems to be half the movie. The visual effects were just as good as the first movie but the fight scenes didn't match the originals. It isn't a really bad thing to take out the fight scenes, it's just the fact that the first movie was based solely on those fight scenes and it wasn't smart for them to take so much of them out. There were only a few good fight scenes and the biggest one dealt with flying and it was sort of overkill by the end. I think that one big thing that made â€Å"Revolutions† worse than the first movie wa s that everyone seemed to be in love with eachother. After watching the first one I was expecting more fighting but instead they turned it into romance and it was drawn out way too long. It seemed that in â€Å"Matrix Revolutions,† they had too many plot points that I've seen in other movies before.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The whole movie is full of little errors like this. For example, the machines make a deal in the end with Neo to defeat the agent Smith, and after he does, the machines are supposed to not continue attacking humans and growing them in their fields after years of doing so, just because of a promise. It doesn't make much sense. Neo comes in and saves the day at the end, but the movie doesn't really even explain how it works. Neo's about to lose and die and then magically he wins. I didn't think it was a very good ending, they should have finished the series at the end of the second movie.

Replication Of Human Pheromones :: Biology Essays Research Papers

Sexual Or Sexist? Replication Of Human Pheromones From the elixer in Love Potion Number Nine to the Orgasmatron in Orgazmo, the media reflect a popular fascination with the idea of an object that can control other people's sexual desires and behaviors. On a similar but dorkier note, I have occasionally heard at Haverford someone attribute a sexual "lucky streak" to the influence of pheromones. In our well-educated but socially awkward mind frame, we have hit on a more promising possibility than magic potions or radar guns. From the Greek for "excitement carrier", pheromones carry chemical messages between members of the same species (2). Present in many animals and often responsible for aspects of mating behavior, the idea of pheromones in humans has in recent years been a subject of interest. The idea of pheromone perception as a "sixth sense" is intriguing, as it means our behavior is influenced by input from outside stimuli that we cannot consciously perceive. Evidence points to the output by and influence on humans of natural ph eromones, and these pheromones are under attempt at imitation by commercial products. What are the possible ramifications of such developments? Experimental evidence also shows differences in the way men and women respond to pheromones, and the possible implications of these differences on gender roles is the aspect of human pheromone research that interests me most. These chemical signals are detected in the vomeronasal organ, or VNO, which is present in the noses of most species of vertebrates. In other mammals, the VNO is located in a longitudinal bulge at the base of either side of the nasal septum (4). Humans lack this bulge marking the position of the VNO, and although there are nerve bundles running from the human VNO to the brain, it is still unclear whether they contain actual sensory neurons or just autonomic nerves. Unlike that in animals, the human VNO does not have an obvious sensory epithelium; however, it contains cells that are considered to be bipolar receptor neurons. The human VNO is thought to be stimulated by airborne chemicals, as opposed to stimuli dissolved in mucus (3). Although most exploration of the possibilities of human pheromone perception has happened recently, scientists have known about the human VNO since 1703, when Dutch surgeon Roysch discovered it in the nose (2). Since then the VNO has been commonly thought to be present only in fetuses, disappearing over the course of prenatal development.

Lust

Tana Broadway Mrs. Thomas EN 2000 Intro to Literature March 14, 2013 The Theme of Susan Minot’s â€Å"Lust† The theme of Susan Minot’s story â€Å"Lust† illustrates that in a space where love should be, there is emptiness and overwhelming sadness. Even though the girl realizes that happiness doesn’t come from sexual relationships, she continues to have sex with the boys anyway. Minot’s protagonists, mostly women, are in search of love. Romantic love is her aim. The young girl in this short story tries to fulfill that hole by having sex with multiple boys, in hopes of them caring and loving her.Minot was born in Massachusetts. Minot got her education at Brown University in Providence, Rhode Island. She found love, and then was married six weeks after they meet and are now separated. So she is also looking for someone to love. At the beginning of the story she is just experimenting with sex, as the story goes on she starts not remembering the b oys names and progresses into an even deeper sadness and emptiness. To begin with, Susan Minot portrays the girl in the story as someone trying to find herself, but doesn’t know how.The boys show her attention that makes her feel good and that feeling only last for the time she is with them. This becomes a cycle with many boys. She gets so involved with boys that she put them before her own interests, as stated in the story,† I could do some things well. Some things I was good at, like math or painting or even sports, but the second a boy put his arm around me, I forgot about wanting to do anything else, which I felt like a relief at first until it became like sinking into muck. (Minot 230). Her sexual appetite left her feeling empty inside. She wondered if there was something wrong with her. When a guy would ask her to sleep with them, instead of saying no, she would do it because she didn’t have anything else to say. The girl would keep having sex just to pleas e the guy. In the story, she says, â€Å"So I’d go because I couldn’t think of something to say back that wouldn’t be obvious, and if you go out with them, you sort of have to do something. †(Minot 231)As stated in Minot’s biography, in â€Å"Lust†, the characters are wistful; they can’t quite understand what it is they stand to gain from their sexual relationships, even though they need them like bodies need water. Women pursue and are pursued by men in a fast- whirling social environment that includes cocaine-snorting and glamorous careers in film and journalism. Minot’s sure rhythms capture the hard-boiled verities of this party life. Susan Minot grew up in Manchester, Mass. , was in college when her mother was killed in an automobile accident.She kept a journal from the age of 13, and after graduating from Brown, moved to New York in 1980 so she could write. She waitressed while completing her master’s of fine arts d egree at Columbia University’s Writing Division. WORK CITED McCLURG, JOCELYN, AND Book E. Courant. â€Å"A Leap from Love and Lust to World of Repressed Love Susan Minot’s Variations on Theme of Love. â€Å"Hartford Courant: 0. Proquest. Nov 04 1992. Web. 11 Mar. 2013 Minot, Susan. â€Å"Lust† Literature to Go. Ed. Michael Meyer. Boston: Bedford/ St. Martin’s, 2011. 229-236. Print. â€Å"Susan (Anderson) Minot Biography. † – Love, York, Lust, and Walter. N. p. , n. d. Web. 21 Mar. 2013.

Configuring and Managing the DHCP Server Role Essay

Question 1 What is the name of the computer you are working from? W2K8xx Question 2 What is the default lease duration of a Wired subnet type? 6 days Question 3 What are three recommendations listed in Server Manager for managing the DHCP Server role? Increase fault tolerance Eliminate manual updates Allow remote Administraition Question 4 What is the name of the computer you are working fro W2K8yy Question 5 What IP addressing settings are currently configured? 10.10.1.101 Question 6 Is the computer currently configured for DHCP? How can you tell? No, it is stated in the cmd Question 7 What is the IP address of the DHCP server from which W2K8yy has obtained its IP address? 000.000.000.000 Question 8 If the answer to #7 was not the IP address of the W2K8xx computer, why might this have happened? It is not enabled Question 9 What nodes appear underneath the DHCP scope that you created in Exercise 3-1? Address pool address leases Question 10 What appears in the IP address text box? 192.168.11.1 Question 11 What value is configured in the DNS Servers: line? 172.16.2.3 172.16.4.5 Question 12 What value is configured in the DNS Servers: line? 172.16.2.3 172.16.4.5 Question 13 What is the default location for DHCP server backups? DHCP > backups Question 14 What IP address is configured on the W2K8yy computer? 172.16.227.55 Question 15 What appears in the IP address text box? 172.16.227.55 preferred Question 16 From which DHCP server are you receiving an IP address? From corexx computer Lab REview Questions Completion time 15 minutes 1.In your own words, describe what you learned by completing this lab. 2. You have installed the DHCP Server service on a computer running Windows Server 2008. You configure and activate a 10.0.0.0/24 scope; however, clients still are receiving a 169.254.x.x IP address. What should you do? 3. Configure the ip address so both are in the same format 3.You have configured a DHCP scope with an address range of 192.168.0.1 through 192.168.0.254. You have several servers and printers that use the IP address range of 192.168.0.1 through 192.168.0.20. With the least amount of administrative effort, how can you prevent duplicate IP addressing? Log which IP addresses go to what so that you dont assign the same one twice 4.You currently are using a DHCP server on your network. It assigns a default gateway scope option to clients. You use a router with a different IP address to replace a router on your network. The new router allows clients to connect to the Internet; however, clients cannot connect to the Internet using the new router. What should you do? That makes no sense you just told me the new router allows clients to connect to the internet

Nvq 2 Health and Social Essay

Personal centred approach is when carers take interest in what service users prefer and use this when providing care. Also, its thinking about the service users choices, right, protecting their privacy and dignity, supporting their independence and working in partnership with them and other colleagues to make the care better. 2. Person centre approach enables individuals with dementia to be involved in their own care and support because carers can talk to the resident and find out how they prefer things to be done, how they like to be spoken to and cared for so staff can give the best care in the way that suits them. Outcome 2 1.Information about personality and life history can be used to support an individual to live well with dementia because if they have a good written history it can help with communication, knowing what the person likes and dislikes if they are unable to tell you. Having a good life history can be used to support and live well because it helps people know more about someone, and look after them better meaning knowing how the like things. Outcome 3 1. All these things make up personal centred approach. Before giving someone care or help with something if we think about all these things and what the service user prefers we can provide the best possible care for them. Also, if we’re providing good care and the service user is happy then they start to feel comfortable and will tell us more about their choices and preferences so we’re able to provide our care at a even higher standard. link

Group week

Cell phones are not only for personal use but they can come in handy for business purposes as well. There are many uses for cell phones in a business setting: internet, video calling testing and ability to use applications. With a cellular phone there really is no reason that you cannot be not accessible to your company. Many companies are now allowing cell phones in their businesses. But are there times that cell phones can be a hindrance for a many as well.There is a lot of new technology on cell phones, but some believe that it can be more of a negative impact than a positive one. In a retail setting cell phones can lead to bad customer service or can impede on customers privacy if employees are using their camera features. Cellular phones can also lead to employees to be unproductive. Microbiological: Microbiological can be used as real time communication and to help the company keep up with any complaints or to see what is needed to improve in their company.Microbiological is a way for people to tell about their day in random posts, this could help a company with networking. Microbiological is what people do when they are on Faceable or other Social networking sights. Microbiological is a shorter version of regular blobbing and can be used to promote business and have a more personal relationship with their customers. Cloud Computing: Cloud computing is using a network of remote servers hosted on the internet to store, manage, and process data instead of storing the information on a coal server or personal computer.Cloud computing is good for business and can help reduce the security costs because when you store things within the company, the company can control who sees the information. Cloud computing is also a very easy way for employees to find and share information. Webzines: Webzines are popular when communicating in the business world. In the past companies were dependent on them for group training. This can be used throughout the country to help en courage people to get their points across.

Business Performance Measurement Using Balanced Scorecard Critical Review Accounting Essay

The outlooks of directors are high, and this explains why academic and managerial involvement in this direction tool is on the addition. This paper critically examines plants or research done by outstanding writers on this topic to see the verve of Balanced Scorecard as a concern public presentation measuring tool in modern economic system. Literatures on Balanced Scorecard are on the rise as its methodological analysis become popular among top concerns. Gumbus and Lussier ( 2006 ) in their work, examined Balanced Scorecard and its characteristics ( ) , and why little medium concerns are recommended to utilize it as a metric for concern public presentation. Their surveies came at the clip when Balanced Scorecard is non been widely adopted by SME but by the large companies as a public presentation measuring method. Braam and Nijssen ( 2008 ) discuss factors impacting Balanced Scorecard acceptance and the two cardinal constructs of Balanced Scorecard use in recent clip: as a public presentation measuring system ( PMS ) and as a strategic direction system ( SMS ) . [ 4 ] carried out researches to look into if the Balanced Scorecard add values to companies that adopt it and how it does contributes to the public presentation of an organisation. [ 5 ] examines a outstanding characteristic of Balanced Scorecard cause and conse quence relationship and if Balanced Scorecard can associate operational prosodies with scheme which can be understood and influenced by directors as a valid strategic direction tool. [ 7 ] took a practical attack in discoursing ways that Balanced Scorecard can be used by undertaking directors to step and better the operational public presentation of their squad and besides clarifies aims and concern scheme. These literature discuses extensively on public presentation measuring with Balanced Scorecard cutting across assorted use and industries every bit good as farther elaborated in the advancement of this paper. Most surveies focus on large companies the scarceness of surveies associating to Balanced Scorecard been used in SME for concern scheme motivated [ 1 ] to ship on shutting this spread. They used a instance survey methodological analysis attack on three little concern endeavors. Research was conducted through personal interviews with executives at Hyde Park Electronics, Futura Industries, and Southern Gardens Citrus ( SGC ) . [ 1 ] examine each of the SME to place how of their concern scheme and public presentation aligns with the Balanced Scorecard features both in the short footings and long term. Financial metric, as indicated in their survey, is sale from new merchandise accounting for high net income of the organisation. The Operational Quality was identified to same-day bringing, bringing within five yearss, and on-time bringing. Customer Satisfaction metric was detected to be indicated by increased gross revenues and increased income that would ensue from merchandise credence a nd the coevals of repetition clients. Learning and Growth metric see the induction of employee public assistance plans such as benefits, net income sharing, preparation, and employee communicating and employee activities. By the above findings, [ 1 ] farther cited that about half of the large corporations in recent times has improved public presentation with the usage of Balanced Scorecard as operational and strategic measuring. The instance surveies affecting the SMEs rhenium seen to besides profit from utilizing this direction tool. [ 1 ] The consequences of the instance surveies of Hyde Park Electronics, Futura Industries, and SGC support the anterior literature from big companies. The consequences once more indicated that enterprisers can excessively profit from developing and utilizing a BSC. The benefit or value gotten from utilizing BSC was investigated by [ 4 ] , and in their survey, two research hypotheses were developed: how much does the Balanced Scorecard create value and secondly, how does the Balanced Scorecard create value? For the first inquiry [ 4 ] adopted the usage of Activity-Based Cost Management ( ABCM ) model, in comparing to BSC effectivity in happening how organizational ends aligns to people ‘s public presentation. The 2nd inquiries saw the usage of the Strategy-Focused-Organisation ( SFO ) to research the beginnings of possible value created by BSC. The methodological analysis used was quantitative in nature and an empirical study and analysis of informations collected from EU companies that have used BSC. In their findings, [ 4 ] argued that value is so been added to companies by the usage of BSC. They indicated that the public presentation of an organisation comes chiefly from what it does during scheme interlingual rendition, its consistence in act uponing managerial patterns, and its function in resources alignment to strategic aims i.e. from the agencies to the terminal. The surveies of [ 4 ] hinted the construct of following BSC for PMS every bit good as SMS. Thus, [ 2 ] , in their research differentiate these lifting constructs of Balanced Scorecard ( public presentation measuring system ( PMS ) and strategic direction system ( SMS ) ) , and factors impacting their acceptances by companies as shown the survey done by [ 2 ] . Hypothesiss were developed to steer and develop their methodological analysis which involves quantitative attack. Data aggregation was done by questionnaires sent to 40 Dutch houses gotten from database of companies which had responded to a benchmark study for best patterns in direction control and public presentation measuring in the four areas/domains of involvement of the Balanced Scorecard. [ 2 ] indicated in their findings that the acceptance of both types of Balanced Scorecard benefits from top direction engagement. Consequences besides show that utilizing Balanced Scorecard as PMS will profit from the support of the admi nistration ‘s finance section. They besides cited that Balanced Scorecard as PMS accent on an inclusive measurings of both fiscal and non-financial values which gives valuable image of the company ‘s place in the market. However, public presentation metric indexs cut across the cardinal characteristics of BSC itself, as such [ 5 ] in their survey analysed the cardinal premises of BSC and the relationships among the four countries of measuring suggested ( the fiscal, client, internal-business-process and learning and growing positions ) and its consequence on scheme and public presentation of an organisation. Research inquiry to steer their survey was besides raised: is there a causal relationship between the countries of measuring suggested? The methodological analysis that was used is analytic because, as argued, increases preciseness and lucidity degree in understanding the BSC construct and theoretical account. Past and present literatures were widely analysed. [ 5 ] one cardinal findings indicated that companies ‘ do non necessitate to see priori concern scheme before planing a coherent set of public presentation measurings reasoning that the design of public presentation indexs can work as a accelerator for scheme preparation. The preparation of scheme entails the development of undertakings to transform them into operational aims. This is further discussed by [ 6 ] in their survey. They used the BSC methodological analysis in their survey to develop, trial, and use a strategic measuring system, specifically for undertakings. The attack adopted was a comparing and study of two undertakings monitored by the writers and undertaken by undertaking squad. Their consequence indicated that BSC plays important function in bettering undertaking direction effectivity. They besides argue or indicated that balanced public presentation measuring is an of import technique for set uping on-strategy undertaking bringing The above surveies further give more penetration on the construct of BSC as a public presentation measuring tool that is best used in exciting thought of comparative steps in the critical success factors of any concern. Thus, organizational public presentation sees an addition when, as the chief tool, BSC is used to interpret the scheme of the house. In this respect, BSC contributes positively [ 4 ] [ 6 ] . However, the acceptance of BSC in an organisation depends to a great extent on the degree of top direction and product-market kineticss every bit good as the finance section. If a company is in a competitory market, client satisfaction and fiscal values are of extreme importance to exceed direction and finance section. These public presentation prosodies influence the preparation of scheme and therefore the acceptance of BSC particularly as public presentation measuring system [ 2 ] . However, the support of top direction and the employees ‘ deduction do non look to be requi rement conditions to do the successful development of a BSC [ 4 ] . The influence of BSC on departmental units and internal administrations within the house can be detected in undertaking squads. The BSC clarify and improves strategic step and connexions thereby bettering internal public presentation in traditional deliverables. It is importance to observe that at that place does non be one BSC that matches all administrations but BSC development is team-based [ 1 ] [ 6 ] . Furthermore, as indicated by [ 6 ] , companies ‘ operational aims in undertakings become a direction success as internal sections are exposed to run of strategic-performance indictor which clarifies and proctors project vision and ends. [ 4 ] Surveies indicated that despite the broad acceptance of BSC in recent times, the methodological analysis is non free from defects. Kaplan and Norton describe the relationship among the characteristic of BSC as causal ( cause and consequence ) , i.e. one metric taking to another, and a dependence relationship. This nevertheless, an issue as for case, the satisfaction of clients does non basically give good fiscal consequences hence the relationship is a logical and non causal one as it is inherit in the BSC construct. This portends that the premises made by BSC possibly invalid taking to the expectancy of public presentation indexs which are faulty, ensuing in sub-optimal public presentation [ 5 ] The reviewed surveies are non without restrictions as hinted by the writers. The research by [ 1 ] is marked with a restriction in instance survey attack as at that place does non be any survey on BSC been used by little concern at the clip of the survey. Furthermore, the plausibleness of findings did non protect against the research restrictions in the survey done by [ 2 ] . The generalizability of the findings was edged by a restriction in the sample size, the respondents ‘ chiefly fiscal background, and the usage of cross sectional informations to look into the degree of acceptance of both BSC types at the same time. [ 4 ] besides highlighted that measuring or mensurating the public presentation of an organisation is a difficult scientific discipline. Again, in their survey, sample houses did n’t hold unvarying execution of the BSC construct. One restriction of this paper is that it is analytic which is based on researching surveies and researches associating to BSC. Trusting on these beginnings can, nevertheless, non be deem insightful as an empirical survey. Further research is necessary and should be expanded on about all concern service sectors on how BSC is used to aline concerns to capital budgeting processing. Larger sample size should be used every bit good as extra factors, for case consideration of institutional motives for BSC acceptance. The influence of BSC on the internal relationship between sections and undertaking squads should besides be researched. Decision The balanced scorecard is a tool which methodically expands the measuring zones traditionally involved in accounting. Its cardinal end is to cut down the issues associated with the usage of fiscal steps for control intents by infixing non-financial measurings in a strategic control model [ 5 ] . The connexion between concern scheme and aims utilizing BSC creates an apprehension of public presentation measuring and metric that guides the co-ordinated and careful action of directors. Surveies analysed in this paper show that the BSC creates and adds value to organisations that adopt it and promotes more reliable communicating effectual plenty for direction decision-making. Therefore while the adopting of BSC is on the rise by more concerns, this paper analytically shows the positive part of BSC to the public presentation of an administration with an increasing organic structure of cogent evidence. [ 1 ] Gumbus, Andra. A ; Lussier, Robert N. ( 2006 ) . Entrepreneurs Use a Balanced Scorecard to Translate Strategy into Performance Measures. Journal of Small Business Management, 44 ( 3 ) : 407-425. [ 5 ] Norreklit, H. ( 2000 ) , â€Å" The Balance on the Balanced Scorecard-A Critical Analysis of Some of its Assumptions † , Management Accounting Research, 11 ( 1 ) pp. 65-88.